The impacts of NAFTA on U.S. and Canadian forest product exports to Mexico
نویسنده
چکیده
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) will lower barriers to trade and investment across the continent. This paper presents predictions of the effects of NAFTA on Mexico’s imports of intermediate wood products, scrap and waste paper, pulp, and newsprint from the United States and Canada. Predictions were made with a partial equilibrium model. Model development involved estimating (i) elasticities of Mexico’s import demand with respect to price and demand shifters and (ii) elasticities of prices with respect to their determinants, and then predicting, with these elasticities, the impacts of NAFTA on imports and prices. The effects of NAFTA on the exogenous variables affecting import demand and prices were summarized for three scenarios, based on the predictions of broader studies of the agreement. The results suggest that the full long-term impact of the NAFTA would be to increase the value of all Mexican imports from the United States and Canada by 21 to 85%. The effect would vary greatly by product and country of origin. Mexican imports of particleboard, hardwood veneer, scrap and waste paper, and wood pulp would be the least affected, mainly because of their smaller tariffs and inelastic price responses. Imports of Douglas-fir (P,s~ucI’~~~.~u~u meiz:iesii (Mirb.) France) lumber, hardwood lumber, softwood plywood, and newsprint from the United States would increase the most under NAFTA. R&urn6 : L’Accord de librc khange nord-am&icain (AL6NA) kliminera les obstacles au commerce et 5 I’investissement ti travcrs le continent. Get article presente des previsions des effets de I’ALfiNA sur lcs importations mexicaines de produits intermkdiaires du bois, de debris et rebuts de papier. de p5te et de papier journal en provenance des fitats-Unis et du Canada. Les pr@visions ont 6t6 etablies & l’aide d’un modkle d’equilibrc partiel. Le developpement du modtile impliquait l’cstimation (i) des ilasticites de Ia demande d’importation du Mexiquc relativement aux facteurs d’influcnce sur les prix et la demande, (ii) les 6lasticiGs des prix. en relation avec leurs d6terminant.c et, par la suite, la prevision. avec ces 6lasticit& des impacts de I’ALfiNA sur les importations et les prix. Les effets de l’ALl?NA sur les variables exo@nes intluencant la demande d’importation et les prix ont 6t6 r&urn& dans trois scknarios bases sur les previsions d’@tudes plus g&&ales de I’entento. Les rcsultats tendent ti indiqucr que l’impact global & long terme de I’ALfiNA se traduirait par une augmention de 21 ;i 85% de la valeur de toutes Its importations mexicaines provena.nt des etats-Unis et du Canada. L’effet serait trks variable selon le produit et le pays d’origine. Les importations mexicaines de panneaux de particules. dc placage feuillu, de dkbris et rebuts de papier et de prite de bois seraient Its moins affectees, surtout h cause de leurs plus faibles tat-ifs et des r@actions in@lastiques dcs prix. Les importations de bois d’oeuvre de Douglas taxifolii f P.wJd~~~slr~~c~ mcw:k,sii (Mirb.) Franca), de bois d’oeuvre feuillu, de contrcplaquk r&ineux et de papier journal provenant des &tits-Unis augmenteraient lc plus sous I’ALENA. [Traduit par la R@daction]
منابع مشابه
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